(ten,1528) = 5.11, P Table 5 Overall tick burden and tick burden by categories of the temperature-humidity index (means ± standard errors) in four Colombian cattle breeds
Discussion
You will find a scant level of analysis on the literature to your tick weight for the cows having warm countries in the Americas. Really education on this subject material had been done in subtropical places instance Southern area Africa [8, 15], places having high large temperature for example Egypt and you will Pakistan , and several exotic regions such as for example Tanzania and you will Nigeria . Tick weight is usually reported having fun with transformed studies, that renders results review to own actual tick weight tough to interpret. This study reveals the genuine tick burden and its own relationship with heat fret indicator from inside the four Bos taurus breeds based in around three other geographic areas of Colombia (brand new Caribbean, Andean and you may Orinoquia places). Tick burden on these Colombian cattle breeds is less than one included in an experiment using steers grazing in the Meta department (Orinoquia area). Simultaneously, an average tick burden found in the four Colombian types in the our very own try (17.cuatro ± 24.6) is lower than simply one to noticed in other warm regions including this new B. indicus Meru crossbred within the Tanzania (37.5 ± eleven.8) and lots of B. indicus cows communities (Light Fulani and you will Bunaji types and their crossbreds) from inside the Nigeria (twenty two ± 1.4) . Different cows types, yard kinds, grazing management, herding program, weather and you can environment aspects of presses you are going to give an explanation for highest tick burden found in these most other education.
Tick shipment with the cows regulators
The fresh new tick burden toward rump and you may tail away from SM (seven.2 ± 12.2), ROMO (5.8 ± 10.2) and you will CCC (9.4 ± fifteen.1) cattle is actually higher than the new tick burden located on the bottom foot, belly and flanks (step one.0 ± 2.cuatro https://kissbrides.com/tr/sicak-tayvan-kadinlar/, 4.six ± 6.9 and seven.dos ± 11.step 1, respectively). These types of overall performance go along with people gotten by the for the Nguni cattle. These types of article writers learned that the tick burden toward tail and you may perineum is more than the newest tick burden into the belly about season. A minimal tick load in the BON, ROMO and you will CCC cows try noticed toward lead and you may neck with the back and loin. Similarly, Asmaa et al. found that a reduced level of presses had been noticed within the eyes, neck and you may bust. Ticks favor undetectable and warm anatomical zones on the creature body . And that, an appropriate environment to have tick emergency is within the tail and you can perineum, possibly outlining the brand new large number out of ticks seen throughout these body areas. Simultaneously, the back legs, udder, tummy, fore and rear flank much more exposed to lawn, and therefore with ease reached of the ticks. That is why we seen a high ratio of your full tick load in these system zones.
Different varieties of grass and paddocks where these pets provide you certainly will cause variations in tick load of the anatomical areas. This can be substantiated by the comparable part of tick weight from the anatomical zones observed on the ROMO and CCC breeds, which have been located at an equivalent experimental route and you can was indeed fed with the exact same sorts of turf. On the other hand, the tick burden by the anatomical area is extremely additional inside the BON and you can SM breeds, in fact it is to some extent informed me of the a new environment.
Sex, years and alive pounds
The higher tick weight seen in ladies will abide by the outcomes from Rehman ainsi que al. in Pakistani cows, in which female got a substantially high tick burden than guys. On top of that, there’s a top prevalence off tick infestation in women (58.7%) than in men (41.5%) when you look at the Egyptian cows . As well, zero extreme differences was located on infestation prevalence regarding R. microplus anywhere between people in the Indian cows and you may Mexican cows . On the experimental channels where in fact the cattle in regards to our investigation were leftover, bulls gotten preferential government because they got sleeping attacks before the start of 2nd breeding 12 months, and you may have been allocated in paddocks having a diminished equipping price. Alternatively, cows had been usually remaining in the high equipping cost. Why these standards received from the bulls during the some months of your seasons you’ll define the reason we discovered less tick load for the guys versus females within data.
